[f4ll3nangel]

Currently I'm a student enrolled in an intensive Japanese summer program, and I am having some trouble gramatically with sentence order, particles, and the like. I was wondering first about how to quote both directly and indirectly, and since there's a difference in a question quote and answer quote, what if it's not a question or an answer, but just a statement and reply? Do I use the answer quote and add da? or ka? Very confused, please help if possible!!