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KyleGoetz (Offline)
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A Lesson on Sequential Actions for 中・上級 Learners - 03-04-2011, 09:10 PM

Edited to take into account masaegu's proofreading. Thanks!

Same book, same translator. Here you go!

時間的前後関係 Sequential Actions

2級
〜てはじめて
〜上で・〜上の
〜て以来
〜てからでないと・〜てからでなければ
〜うちに・〜ないうちに
〜に先立って・〜に先立つ
1級
〜てからというもの(は)

===〜てはじめて===
Used when you want to say that before an event, X was not true, but after the event, X became true and the event was the reason.

Examples:
入院してはじめて健康のありがたさがわかりました。
Once I had been hospitalized, I finally understood the preciousness of health.

スポーツは自分でやってみてはじめてそのおもしろさが わかるのです。
Once I tried out sports myself, I understood the interest [people have in sports].

===〜上で・〜上の===
When you want to say "After ~, based on that, the next action occurred."

Usage: ta-form or the noun in a する verbの+上で

Examples:
詳しいことはお目にかかった上で、説明いたします。
I will explain the details once we meet.

どの大学を受験するか、両親との相談の上で、決めます 。
As to which university to take the entrance exam for, after talking with my parents, I will decide.

===〜て以来===
Used when you want to say "After some action, a circumstance/state became and remained true."
You cannot use it for something that occurs only once after an event/action.

Examples:
大学を卒業して以来、中山さんには一度も会っていませ ん。
Since graduating from university, I haven't met Nakayama at all.

一人暮らしを始めて以来、ずっと外食が続いている。
Since beginning to live alone, I have constantly [done nothing but] eat out.

===〜てからでないと・〜てからでなければ===
Used when you want to say that in order for ~ not to happen, it is necessary to do ~ ahead of time.
The second part of the sentence should be something troublesome or impossible.

Examples:
野菜を生で食べるなら、よく洗ってからでないと、農薬 が心配だ。
If you're going to eat vegetables raw, until you clean them well, pesticides are a concern.

木村教授には前もって電話してからでないと、お会いで きないかもしれません。
Unless you call Prof. Kimura ahead of time, you might not be able to meet with him.

===〜うちに・〜ないうちに===
Used when you want to say "while ~ is true, I will do things because once ~ is not true, doing those things becomes difficult."

Usage: present form of a clause + うちに

Examples:
独身のうちに、いろいろなことをやってみたいです。
While I am single, I want to try out many things.

「若いうちに勉強しなかったら、いったいいつ勉強する んですか。」
If you do not study while you are young, when the hell are you going to study?!"

===〜に先立って・〜に先立つ===
"Before ~ happens, in preparation ~"
The preparation should be something quite important/big.

Usage: dictionary form or the noun part of a する verb +に先だって

Examples:
出発に先立って、大きい荷物は全部送っておきました。
Before departing, I sent all my big luggage.

移転に先立つ調査に、時間もお金もかかってしまった。
I spent time and money on an investigation prior to transferring.

===〜てからというもの(は)===
"Since doing ~, ~ [all the time]"
The preceding event often serves as the motivation/momentum behind the second event. A person's emotions are often tied up in the outcome, too.

Examples:
たばこをやめてからというもの、食欲が出て体の調子が とてもいい。
Since giving up smoking, I have had an appetite and I have felt good.

あの本を読んでからというものは、どう生きるべきかに ついて考えない日はない。
Since reading that book, there has not been a day when I haven't thought how I ought to live.

Last edited by KyleGoetz : 03-05-2011 at 03:56 AM.
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