You can say chair (I prefer it to
chairperson). "First we need to select a chair for the committee." No one will think you're picking out furniture.
For fishing, fisher or angler works. An angler only fishes with a rod and line though, so it has a connotation of someone who fishes for sport rather than as a job. If they're on a fishing boat, fishing crew or worker can be used. "She's a crew member on a fishing boat."