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-   -   What's this form of verb (https://www.japanforum.com/forum/japanese-language-help/12927-whats-form-verb.html)

junkomi 03-02-2008 06:21 AM

ok
 
I give you some examples of it.

眠らずに、朝まで彼を待った。
砂糖(さとう)を入れずに、ケーキを作った。
朝食を食べずに出かけた。

Michigan90 03-02-2008 07:32 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by DragonShade (Post 416381)
Thanks, now I know the meaning and function of this form

but I wonder what's the rule for this, I mean how to change other verb into this form?

ず is the continuative form (連用形 ren'yōkei) of ぬ, which is the conjugable auxiliary verb (助動詞 jodōshi) used for negation. Any verb before ず turns into imperfective form (未然形 mizenkei). Modern Japanese has three regular conjugation groups as well as two irregular verbs.
  • 5-row group (五段活用 godan katsuyou): Imperfective form ends with -a.
  • upper 1-row group (上一段活用 kami ichidan katsuyou): Imperfective form ends with -i
  • lower 1-row group (下一段活用 shimo ichidan katsuyou): Imperfective form ends with -e

The irregular verbs are -する and -来る, which changes to -せず and -来(こ)ず.

Michigan90 03-02-2008 07:44 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by junkomi (Post 416388)
I give you some examples of it.

眠らずに、朝まで彼を待った。
砂糖(さとう)を入れずに、ケーキを作った。
朝食を食べずに出かけた。

In your examples there are six verbs.

5-row group
眠る -> 眠らず
待つ -> 待たず
作る -> 作らず

lower 1-row group
入れる -> 入れず
出かける -> 出かけず
食べる -> 食べず

見る is an example of upper 1-row verb. It turns into 見ず.

日本語文法
Japanese_grammar

DragonShade 03-03-2008 03:30 AM

  wow! みな、ありがと!いい説明をもらって~

ruka 03-04-2008 01:48 PM

Hi, The formaiton is the same as nai-from. For example, いく(iku) → いかない(ika nai)→ remove ない(nai) and add ずに(zu ni) :いかずに(ika zu ni) . However, the ずに (zu ni) form for する (suru) verbs is not しずに(shi zu ni ) but せずに (se zu ni) , as in べんきょうせずに (benkyoo se zu ni) which means ' without studying'

Do you know how to make nai-form?
G1 verbs
e.g. いく → いかない
     iku → ikanai
( 'u' sound change to 'a' sound and add 'nai')
 のむ(nomu) →のまない(nomanai)

G2 verbs
e.g. たべる(taberu) →たべない(tabenai)
( remove ' る(ru)' and add ' ない(nai)' )
みる(miru) → みない(minai)

G3 verbs
する(suru) → しない(shinai)
くる(kuru) → こない(konai)

AZ 50 Keys to Opening the New World of Japanese

Sorry I didn't see the second page when I wrote this.
The formation of ずに has already explained before ....
I don't know how to delete message...

 


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